A patchwork of conflicting state ingredient laws could drive grocery costs up 12 percent for American households if regulations passed in Louisiana, Texas and West Virginia are replicated nationwide, according to a study released Feb. 20 by Americans for Ingredient Transparency.
The economic analysis, conducted by Policy Navigation Group, examined legislation that bans ingredients or mandates new warning labels on already-regulated food products. The study concluded these laws will create an effective 12 percent cost increase on groceries in those three states, with significant spillover effects in neighboring states.
“It is reasonable to assume that similar impacts would be replicated in states that adopt comparable food regulatory requirements to Louisiana, Texas or West Virginia,” the study reads. “If these laws are enacted, consumers across the country could face at least a 12 percent increase in annual grocery costs in the coming years.”
Regional impact and distribution effects
Laws recently passed in Louisiana, Texas and West Virginia will cost consumers in those states a combined $17.1 billion more per year on groceries versus a uniform approach, the study found. Nearly 1 million consumers in neighboring states like New Mexico, Oklahoma and Arkansas could also face higher prices due to regional distribution networks.
The study represents the first estimate of cost increases consumers will face because of state bills that have gained traction in 2025 and 2026 to regulate ingredients and mandate new disclosure protocols.
Americans for Ingredient Transparency supports federal legislation establishing a national uniform standard for ingredient safety and transparency that would prevent cost increases from a patchwork of 50 different state bills.
“At a time when President Trump is delivering on his promise to make life more affordable for American families, the proposed patchwork of conflicting state ingredient laws threatens to undo that progress with an effective tax increase of 12 percent on groceries nationwide,” said Andy Koenig, senior advisor to Americans for Ingredient Transparency.
“The only way to prevent this massive cost hike is for Congress to take the lead on the issue instead of the states and pass a uniform national standard for ingredient safety and transparency that keeps food affordable.”
Policy Navigation Group is a Virginia-based consulting firm with a team of senior policy analysts with 50 years of OMB experience. The firm’s analyses follow OMB’s directives and analytic requirements and has prepared economic analyses for major issues including USDA’s National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Labeling Standard, EPA’s particulate matter ambient air standards and FDA’s voluntary sodium reduction goals.
Americans for Ingredient Transparency is an advocacy coalition of concerned Americans, policy experts, farmers and business leaders that seeks to establish one national standard for ingredient transparency using consistent, science- and risk-based principles.
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